Building Android 4.2 LiveSuit image for Cubietruck (Allwinner A20)
Treating A20 boards like outdated piece of HW by vendors makes building Android
for Cubietruck not trivial task. Finding documentation, mailing list or blog
post that clearly describe steps is almost impossible. Most of links to SDK are
broken and instructions outdated. Because of that I decided to leave couple
notes for me and all of you lost in this madness.
Hopefully below steps can build foundation for future development and
improvements.
Get the code
It took me couple of googling hours to realize that key was to carefully search
cubietech sever. Finally I found this.
make: Entering directory '/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali'
/home/pietrushnic/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4
make -C DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump CONFIG=ca8-virtex820-m400-1 BUILD=release KDIR=/home/pietrushnic/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump'
make -C /home/pietrushnic/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4 M=/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump modules
make[2]: Entering directory '/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4'
CC [M] /home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump/common/ump_kernel_common.o
arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc: error: directory: No such file or directory
arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc: error: directory": No such file or directory
scripts/Makefile.build:307: recipe for target '/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump/common/ump_kernel_common.o' failed
make[3]: *** [/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump/common/ump_kernel_common.o] Error 1
Makefile:1365: recipe for target '_module_/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump' failed
make[2]: *** [_module_/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump] Error 2
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4'
Makefile:60: recipe for target 'all' failed
make[1]: *** [all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump'
Makefile:15: recipe for target 'build' failed
make: *** [build] Error 2
make: Leaving directory '/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_lichee/linux-3.4/modules/mali'
ERROR: build kernel Failed
After some digging I managed to narrow down issue to piece of smart code, that
injected version string through define, which generated above mess. Without
thinking much about fix I just changed incorrectly generated define to driver
version string. This string will be presented in UMP modinfo. Patch which fix
above looks like that:
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diff --git a/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump/Kbuild b/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump/Kbuild
index 042745d0c757..608a7ba97f95 100755
--- a/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump/Kbuild
+++ b/linux-3.4/modules/mali/DX910-SW-99002-r3p2-01rel2/driver/src/devicedrv/ump/Kbuild
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ endif
UDD_FILE_PREFIX = ../mali/
# Get subversion revision number, fall back to 0000 if no svn info is available
-SVN_REV := $(shell ((svnversion | grep -qv exported && echo -n 'Revision: ' && svnversion) || git svn info | sed -e 's/$$$$/M/' | grep '^Revision: ' || echo ${MALI_RELEASE_NAME}) 2>/dev/null | sed -e 's/^Revision: //')
+# SVN_REV := $(shell ((svnversion | grep -qv exported && echo -n 'Revision: ' && svnversion) || git svn info | sed -e 's/$$$$/M/' | grep '^Revision: ' || echo ${MALI_RELEASE_NAME}) 2>/dev/null | sed -e 's/^Revision: //')
-ccflags-y += -DSVN_REV=$(SVN_REV)
-ccflags-y += -DSVN_REV_STRING=\"$(SVN_REV)\"
+#ccflags-y += -DSVN_REV=$(SVN_REV)
+ccflags-y += -DSVN_REV_STRING=\"r3p2-01rel2\"
ccflags-y += -I$(src) -I$(src)/common -I$(src)/linux -I$(src)/../mali/common -I$(src)/../mali/linux -I$(src)/../../ump/include/ump
ccflags-y += -DMALI_STATE_TRACKING=0
After above change repeated build command finish without errors.
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./build.sh -p sun7i_android
Android
I assume you directory layout looks like this:
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.
├── a20-android4.2_android
└── lichee
Go to Android directory and source environment setup script. Android do not
like shells other then bash, so change you shell if you using something
different:
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cd a20-android4.2_android
bash
source build/envsetup.sh
lunch
Of course our target is sugar_cubietruck-eng, so type 16. Then copy kernel
and modules using extract-bsp function and start build:
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extract-bsp
make -j$(nproc)
Wrong make version
Android expects make in version 3.81 or 3.82 and recent distros (like my Debian
stretch/sid) have make>=4.0. Problem signature looks like this:
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build/core/main.mk:45: ********************************************************************************
build/core/main.mk:46: * You are using version 4.0 of make.
build/core/main.mk:47: * Android can only be built by versions 3.81 and 3.82.
build/core/main.mk:48: * see https://source.android.com/source/download.html
build/core/main.mk:49: ********************************************************************************
build/core/main.mk:50: *** stopping. Stop.
You can workaround this problem using below patch:
diff --git a/build/core/main.mk b/build/core/main.mk
index 87488f452a9d..ce366bee6ced 100644
--- a/build/core/main.mk
+++ b/build/core/main.mk
@@ -40,8 +40,7 @@ endif
# Check for broken versions of make.
# (Allow any version under Cygwin since we don't actually build the platform there.)
ifeq (,$(findstring CYGWIN,$(shell uname -sm)))
-ifeq (0,$(shell expr $$(echo $(MAKE_VERSION) | sed "s/[^0-9\.].*//") = 3.81))
-ifeq (0,$(shell expr $$(echo $(MAKE_VERSION) | sed "s/[^0-9\.].*//") = 3.82))
+ifeq (0,$(shell expr $$(echo $(MAKE_VERSION) | sed "s/[^0-9\.].*//") = 4.0))
$(warning ********************************************************************************)
$(warning * You are using version $(MAKE_VERSION) of make.)
$(warning * Android can only be built by versions 3.81 and 3.82.)
@@ -50,7 +49,6 @@ $(warning **********************************************************************
$(error stopping)
endif
endif
-endif
# Absolute path of the present working direcotry.
Java SE 1.6 required
If your distro is not prepared you can hit something like this:
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************************************************************
You are attempting to build with the incorrect version
of java.
Your version is: java version "1.7.0_85".
The correct version is: Java SE 1.6.
Please follow the machine setup instructions at
https://source.android.com/source/download.html
************************************************************
To fix this issues add this repo to your /etc/apt/sources.list
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deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu precise main
You also may need to update alternatives if Java SE 1.6 was installed previously:
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sudo update-alternatives --config java #correct is /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-oracle/jre/bin/java
sudo update-alternatives --config javac #correct is /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-oracle/bin/javac
Missing dependencies
If you will hit some weird compiler errors like this:
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In file included from /usr/include/endian.h:60:0,
from /home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_android/prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/host/i686-linux-glibc2.7-4.6/bin/../sysroot/usr/include/sys/types.h:217,
from cts/suite/audio_quality/lib/src/FileUtil.cpp:18:
/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_android/prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/host/i686-linux-glibc2.7-4.6/bin/../sysroot/usr/include/bits/byteswap.h:22:3: error: #error "Never use <bits/bytesw
ap.h> directly; include <byteswap.h> instead."
In file included from frameworks/native/include/utils/RefBase.h:24:0,
from frameworks/native/include/utils/Thread.h:31,
from frameworks/native/include/utils/threads.h:35,
from cts/suite/audio_quality/lib/include/FileUtil.h:24,
from cts/suite/audio_quality/lib/include/Log.h:24,
from cts/suite/audio_quality/lib/src/FileUtil.cpp:21:
/usr/include/stdlib.h:760:34: fatal error: bits/stdlib-bsearch.h: No such file or directory
This mean that you have missing dependencies. On Debian you can fix this with:
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sudo apt-get install bison g++-multilib git gperf libxml2-utils make python-networkx zip xsltproc
After all above fixes running make again should build the image:
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make -j$(nproc)
It took some time, so you can go for coffee. Final messaged for passed build should look like this:
----------image is at----------
/home/pietrushnic/storage/wdc/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/lichee/tools/pack/sun7i_android_sugar-cubietruck.img
pack finish
/home/pietrushnic/projects/3mdeb/cubietruck/cubietruck_android/a20-android4.2_android
Image installation
Image can be installed using LiveSuit. Flashing instructions can be found on sunxi wiki.
Summary
As you can see Android boots to initial screen and it looks like we have
working prcedure for building Cubietech Android SDK. This gives good ground for
future experimentation.
Hopefully above instructions works for you and will not outdate soon. If you
found any problems/errors please let me know in comment. I you think content
can be useful to others please share.
Founder and Embedded Systems Consultant at 3mdeb as well as freelance CTO of Vitro Technology and CEO of LPN Plant. Passionate about building firmware that enables advanced hardware features in modern products. Dedicated to customers that treat embedded software security and upgradeability as forethought. Open source firmware evangelist interested in platform security and trusted computing. In favor of fixed price projects with a clear definition of success.
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